1. What is a wiper motor?
The wiper motor is driven by the motor. The rotation of the motor is converted into the reciprocating motion of the wiper arm through the linkage mechanism, thereby realizing the wiper action. Generally, the motor is turned on to make the wiper work. By selecting the high speed and low speed gear, it can be changed. The current of the motor controls the motor speed and thus the scraper arm speed. The wiper motor adopts a 3-brush structure to facilitate speed changes. The intermittent time is controlled by the intermittent relay. The return switch contact of the motor and the charge and discharge function of the relay's resistance and capacitor are used to make the wiper sweep according to a certain period.
There is a small gear transmission enclosed in the same housing at the rear end of the wiper motor, which reduces the output speed to the required speed. This device is commonly known as the wiper drive assembly. The output shaft of the assembly is connected to the wiper end mechanical device, and the wiper's reciprocating swing is realized through the fork drive and spring return.
The wiper blade strip is a tool that directly removes rainwater and dirt from the glass. The scraper strip is pressed to the glass surface through the spring strip, and its lip must match the angle of the glass to achieve the required performance. Generally, there is a wiper control knob on the car combination switch handle, with three gears: low speed, high speed, and intermittent. At the top of the handle is the washer button switch. When the switch is pressed, washing water will be sprayed out, which can be used with the wiper to wash the windshield.
The quality requirements of wiper motors are quite high. It uses a DC permanent magnet motor. The wiper motor installed on the front windshield is generally integrated with the worm gear mechanical part. The function of the worm gear mechanism is to reduce speed and increase torque. Its output shaft drives the four-bar linkage mechanism, and the continuous rotational motion is changed into a left-right swing motion through the four-bar linkage mechanism.
2. Structure of automobile wiper motor
Most car wiper motors are brushed motors, and their structure is roughly divided into four parts: wiper motor part, reducer part, output part and automatic stop part.
A. Car wiper motor part: Like other brushed motors, the wiper motor part mainly consists of motor stator, armature rotor, carbon brush and carbon brush holder. The main part of the wiper motor stator is the permanent magnet, which can be used as the basis to form an electromagnetic circuit; the wiper motor armature rotor is mainly composed of windings, iron cores and rectifiers. The armature rotor generates rotational force with the cooperation of the stator; carbon brushes and The carbon brush holder supplies current to the armature.
B. Car wiper motor reducer part: The most common control method of the reducer part is worm gear deceleration control, which can be achieved through a set of resin worm gears. The main function of the reducer part is to reduce the armature speed and increase the torque. The reducer housing is an external protection device that can prevent foreign matter from entering the worm gear, ensure the operation of the armature output shaft, and ensure the normal operation of the wiper motor. In addition, the reducer housing also has a heat dissipation function, which can reduce the high temperature generated by the friction of the armature and carbon brushes.
C. Car wiper motor output part: The output part is mainly composed of reducer output shaft, crank, support and other parts. The output part is combined with the connecting rod to transmit the rotational force of the motor to the connecting rod. The combination of the output shaft and the crank usually adopts the taper serration method, and there are also methods such as missing tooth type and welding type. The taper sawtooth method has the advantages of easy automatic starting angle setting and simple processing.
D. Automatic stop part of the car wiper motor: The automatic stop part mainly consists of the automatic resetter slip ring and the automatic resetter contact. The main function is to control the wiper to stop at a fixed position when the wiper motor is working. The installation position of the slip ring and contacts of the self-returner has higher requirements. It only works when the on and off of the self-resetting contact corresponds to the position of the wiper (when the switch is in the "OFF" or "0" position).
When the driver turns on the wiper, the car's wiper motor starts. When the wiper motor rotates through the deceleration and torque increase of the worm gear, it drives the swing arm. The swing arm drives the four-bar linkage mechanism, which in turn drives the rotating shaft installed on the front wall. Swing left and right, and finally the rotating shaft drives the wiper blade to sweep the windshield. The wiper motor adopts a 3-brush structure to facilitate speed change. The intermittent relay controls the intermittent time. The return switch contact of the motor and the charge and discharge function of the relay resistance and capacitor are used to make the wiper wipe according to a certain period. The potentiometer is used to control the speed of the motor.
The normal operation of the wiper ensures the driver's clear vision, so the quality of the wiper motor is very important.
3. Regional analysis of automotive wiper motor market
The global automotive wiper motor market can be segmented into several regions, including North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East and Africa.
North America: The North American market is driven by the presence of major automobile manufacturers and stringent safety regulations.
Europe: Europe is an important market for automotive wiper motors, with Germany, the United Kingdom and France leading the way in automotive production. Strict safety regulations and presence of premium automakers aid market growth.
Asia Pacific: Asia Pacific holds a significant share in the market owing to the presence of major automobile manufacturing hubs such as China, Japan, and India. Rising population, rising disposable income, and improving road infrastructure are driving the demand for vehicle and wiper motor systems.
Latin America: Latin America is an emerging market for automotive wiper motors, with Brazil, Mexico and Argentina being the major contributors. Rising vehicle sales and adoption of advanced safety technologies have created growth opportunities for the region.
Middle East and Africa: The automotive wiper motor market in the Middle East and Africa region is growing steadily. This growth is attributed to increased automobile production and rising awareness of automobile safety.
4. Future prospects
The automotive wiper motor market has broad prospects in the future. Factors such as increased automobile production, improved safety regulations, and technological advancements will continue to drive market growth. The integration of advanced technology, customization options and sustainability will be key areas of focus for manufacturers. The market is expected to further consolidate as major players aim to expand market share through strategic collaborations and partnerships. In addition, emerging markets, especially Asia Pacific and Latin America, will provide significant growth opportunities as vehicle sales continue to grow.
5. Automotive wiper motor assembly line and solutions
HONEST Intelligent provides fully automatic and semi-automatic wiper motor assembly equipment and can customize solutions and efficiency according to customer output and requirements, helping customers improve production efficiency and comprehensive strength, and win more orders. If you are interested in wiper motor assembly equipment, please contact us for a customized solution.
